The Overture was that originally written for the opera Aureliano in Palmira, later modified by Rossini to serve the same purpose for the opera Elisabetta, regina d'Inghilterra.
The E Major Andante maestoso introduction to the overture leads to an E Minor Allegro con brio, its first theme entrusted to the strings and the second, in G Major, to the oboe, then flute and horn. An impressive crescendo is succeeded by a recapitulation and an emphatic coda.